Improvement in parlor-stoves



E. '1. B'USSELL.

PARL'OR-STOVES.

Patented Jamil, 1876.

IIIIL N- PETERS, FHOTO-LIHQGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D. C.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERASTUS T. BUSSELL, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOE OF ONE- HALF HIS RIGHT TO LOUISA BUSSELL, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN. PARLOR-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 171,773, dated January 4, 1876; application filed September 4, 1875. I I

ful Improvement in Parlor Grates or Stoves,

which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The object of my invention is to form a,

strong suction-flue draft in reve'rberatory flues, that the exposures of the heat to radiation into the room may be multiplied to the greatest possible extent. a v

The use of a large section, H, of my flue, immediately over the fire and initial draft, and in such close proximity to the strongest heat that its large volume of air may be quickly and highly rarefied and putin rapid motion up the chimney through a vertical egresspipe, is the principal means for the formation of a very strong draft in the reverberatoryflue sections. To facilitate and aid this forced flue-draft, I utilize the heat obtained by the combustion of the smoke-gases, caused by ejecting highly-heated atmospheric air into the ascending smoke, in broad thin sheets, and in a downward direction from the hot-air chamber E, and through the slots D in the back wall.

Figure 1 is an elevated section of my invention, the section being vertical, and made at the broken line V, as shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a reanelevation of my invention, omitting the hood N. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a modification of my invention, showing a more extended system of reverberatory and radiating flues.

Fig. 5 is an elongated (or straightened) extension of my reverberatory-flue sections, reaching from the fire-place D to the enlarged draftsection H.

In this figure the true lineal relation of H to the initial flue-sections is shown many feet away from the fire-place D, while its actual and close proximity to the fire-place is shown in the broken line, Fig. H.

The initial diving-flues F F start at the top of the back wall, just back of hot-air chamber E, and pass down behind the same, diverging laterally until they reach the hearth at each side of the fire-place, where they join the short flue-sections G G, which serve to connect with the lower ends of the tines A A, when the flues F are made of sheet metal; but when F are made of cast-iron the short horizontal flues G are dispensed with, the lower ends of Fjoining the lower ends of A directly. In this case the rear wall of the chamber E forms the front wall of the divingflues F and F. v

The lines A A, placed on each side of the fire-space D, are somewhat triangular in their cross-section, in consequence of the necessity of splaying out their front walls A, so as form a handsome finish around the fireplace. These flues approach each other and join above the fire in the form ofan arch. At the point of this juncture their rear wall is cut away so that they can pour their contents into the large suction or draft chamber H. B is the rear wall of flue A, and G is its firewall, torming a part of the jambs.

The front walls of lines A can be cast with deep corrugations to increase their radiatingsurface, if desired.

The draft-chamber H must be made much larger in proportion to its length than is a similar section of any other part of the initial flues, and it is located just back of the opening in the arch of fines A, and in contact with the hottest of the initial fire-draft, which sweeps entirely across the under side of its floor or bottom. Draft-chamber H-is provided with an egress-pipe, I, emerging from the highest point of the chamber, and in a vertical position most favorable for the rapid escape of heated air. E is a wedge-shaped hot-air chamber, located in the rear of the fire-place D, and communicating with the fireplace by broad and very thin slots D through the back wall, alternately placed so as to command the whole cross-area of the fire-space.

These slots puncture the back wall in an ob- I lique direction from chamber E downward into fire-space D, so that the hot air is thrown obliquely downward into the ascending smoke.

The multiplied velocities of the hot air thrown down, and. the smoke flying up, render the impact direct, and sufficiently violent to instantly ignite the carbonic oxide and I I r I other smoke-gases, consuming them completely, filling the upper part of fire-space D with gaseous flame, and greatly increasing the heat that impinges against the bottom of chamber H, and economising and saving fuel as a result.

The slots D commence just above the gratebasket L, and should not trench upon the upper third of the fire-space. Four or five vertical inches is enough for them.

Small round holes may be substituted for the slots D if they are very small, and puncture the back wall in alaterally-oblique direction, (in alternate order,) so as to throw the cylindrical columns of air against each other in such manner as to spread the air out into thin sheets. Of course the air must have the downward inclination, the same as when the slots are used. The upper end of chamber E must be capacious and air-tight, if possible. The lower end must be thin, with provision for ingress of cold air. When small at the lower end the inflowing cold air has a velocity that prevents regurgitation from the pressure of the expanding air above, and enhances the velocity of the outflowing hot air through the slots D.

A modification of my invention is shown in 'plan, Fig. 3. In this modification only one diving-flue, F, is used, passing straight down behind the chamber E, intersecting the rear end of horizontal flue F. The latter passes to the front of the fire-place on the hearth, to

whereit intersects flue F in its middle, and

in front of the tire. Here the flue-draft is divided, one-half passing around in F to the lower end of flue A on one side of the fire, and the other half passing in the opposite direction to A on the other side of the fire. Thence the flue-draft takes the same course as in the primary invention to the place of egress through exit-pipe I.

The flue F serves the same purpose as the ordinary fender in front of the ordinary parlor-grate, and it also serves as a radiator of heat into the room.

I also use another modification, that isnot shown in the drawings, viz I dispense with diving-fines F or F, and use the flue A on one side of the fire-place as my diving-flue, forcing the entire draft down it to the hearth,

where it enters the flue F, in which it passes around, in front of the fire, to the lower end of due A on the opposite side of the fire, in which the draft ascends to chamber H, and thence out through I, asin each of the other instances.

from the fiues. The flashing of the flame of the fire and sparks against these mica windows aifords a pleasing sight that inspires cheer fulness. i i.

The sliding valve M covers arectangular opening in the floor of the chamber H, which is used only when the fire is being kindled. Through this opening there is a direct draft up the chimney when the valve-rodlis pulled out. When the fire is well kindled, and

the stove somewhat heated, the valve-rod is pushed in, and the reverberatory draft is established at once. The arrows indicate the aircurrents.

R is a small section of the mantel, showing the relation of flue A to it. N is a hood, to be used as a finish for the sides and the back of my invention when it is built for an open stove, to

' be set out in the room. It also incloses a space for heating'air, E,which is admitted at J, near the floor, and, whenheated, escapes at K, .at the top.

' When a fire is kindled in fire-place D, and

the heat passes through the walls of chamber E, in front, on top, and the rear side, the,air within this chamber becomes highly rarefied, and rises to the upper end of this chamber. Finding no way of escape, its volume is increased to such degree that it is forced, byits own expansive pressure, down to the slots D,

where it is ejected with great force into the ascending smoke. It ignites thesmoke-gases, filling the fire-place with flame. The heat resulting from this large volume of fiamepassing under the bottom of chamber H rarefies the air contained therein, setting it in motion up the egress-pipe I, andchimney. The rapid flight of such a large volume of air makes a strong suction-draft upon the flues A G F, to fill the. partial vacuumin H, and, as fast as the air from these enters H, itis rarefied, and

escapes, and so the forced draft is maintained.

A damper can be inserted in pipe I, to; regullate the draft.

Having thus described my invention, audits mode of operation,Iclaim-- 1. In combination with fire-place D and the intervening fiues A G F, the large flue-section H, with inlet in one side, and outlet in the top, relatively arranged to the fire, as represented,

so that it shall be exposed to the greatest possible heat, both from the fire and initial draft,

as shown, and for the purposes described.

2.' The tapering wedge-shaped chamber E, constructed with large closed end atthe top, and contracted open end at the bottom, having thin and oblique perforations D, in com bination with fire-place. and fines, substantially as shown, and for the purposes described.

ERASTUS T. BUSSELL.

Witnesses:

LATTA BUSSELL, WILLIAM M. BUssELL. 

